Chien luoc hashtag theo tung mang xa hoi - So luong toi uu va thuat toan hien thi
30 hashtag tren Instagram, 0 hashtag tren LinkedIn, 3-5 hashtag tren X (Twitter). Moi mang xa hoi co "so luong vang" rieng cho hashtag, va viec su dung sai so luong co the giam do tiep can bai viet thay vi tang. Bai viet nay phan tich chi tiet gioi han ky tu, so luong toi uu va co che thuat toan cua hashtag tren tung nen tang, dong thoi canh bao ve hien tuong shadow ban lien quan den hashtag.
Gioi han ky tu va so luong hashtag theo nen tang
Moi mang xa hoi co gioi han rieng ve so luong hashtag va do dai moi hashtag.
| Nen tang | So hashtag toi da | Do dai toi da moi hashtag | So luong toi uu (2024-2025) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Instagram (bai dang) | 30 | Khong gioi han ro rang | 3-5 (thay doi tu 2023) |
| Instagram (Story) | 10 | Tuong tu bai dang | 1-3 |
| Instagram (Reels) | 30 | Tuong tu bai dang | 3-8 |
| X (Twitter) | Khong gioi han (trong 280 ky tu) | Khong gioi han | 1-3 |
| TikTok | Khong gioi han (trong 4.000 ky tu caption) | 100 ky tu | 3-5 |
| Khong gioi han | Khong gioi han | 3-5 | |
| YouTube | 15 (trong tags) | 500 ky tu tong | 5-8 |
| Khong gioi han | Khong gioi han | 1-2 (hoac 0) | |
| 20 | Khong gioi han | 2-5 |
Diem dang chu y la su thay doi lon cua Instagram. Truoc 2023, chien luoc "dung toi da 30 hashtag" duoc nhieu chuyen gia khuyen nghi. Nhung tu giua 2023, chinh Instagram da khuyen nghi chi su dung 3-5 hashtag co lien quan cao. Thuat toan moi uu tien chat luong noi dung hon so luong hashtag, va viec nhoi nhet 30 hashtag co the bi danh gia la spam.
Thuat toan Instagram va hashtag - Cach Explore tab hoat dong
Thuat toan Instagram su dung hashtag nhu mot trong nhieu tin hieu de phan loai va phan phoi noi dung. Hieu co che nay giup toi uu hoa chien luoc hashtag.
Khi ban dang mot bai viet voi hashtag, Instagram thuc hien cac buoc sau: phan loai noi dung dua tren hashtag va hinh anh (computer vision), danh gia chat luong ban dau dua tren tuong tac som (30 phut dau), quyet dinh hien thi tren trang hashtag va Explore tab dua tren diem chat luong.
Diem quan trong: Instagram khong chi dem so hashtag ma con danh gia "do phu hop" giua hashtag va noi dung. Mot bai anh mon an voi hashtag #photography se nhan diem phu hop thap hon bai anh phong canh voi cung hashtag do. Thuat toan su dung ca phan tich hinh anh (computer vision) va phan tich van ban de danh gia su phu hop.
| Yeu to | Trong so uoc tinh | Giai thich |
|---|---|---|
| Do phu hop hashtag-noi dung | Cao | Hashtag co lien quan den hinh anh va caption |
| Tuong tac som | Rat cao | Like, comment, save trong 30 phut dau |
| Lich su tai khoan | Trung binh | Ty le tuong tac trung binh cua cac bai truoc |
| Do canh tranh hashtag | Trung binh | Hashtag it canh tranh de len top hon |
| So luong hashtag | Thap (nhung co phat) | Qua nhieu hashtag co the bi danh gia la spam |
Shadow ban - Khi hashtag lam hai thay vi giup
Shadow ban la hien tuong bai viet cua ban khong hien thi tren trang hashtag hoac Explore tab ma khong co thong bao tu nen tang. Day la "hinh phat an" ma nhieu nguoi dung mang xa hoi lo ngai.
Cac hanh vi co the kich hoat shadow ban lien quan den hashtag:
- Su dung hashtag bi cam hoac bi han che (Instagram co danh sach hashtag bi cam thay doi thuong xuyen)
- Copy-paste cung bo hashtag cho moi bai viet (thuat toan nhan dien hanh vi tu dong)
- Su dung hashtag khong lien quan den noi dung (danh gia la spam)
- Thay doi dot ngot so luong hashtag (tu 5 len 30 hoac nguoc lai)
- Su dung hashtag co do canh tranh qua cao so voi kich thuoc tai khoan
Cach kiem tra shadow ban: tim hashtag it pho bien (duoi 10.000 bai) ma ban da su dung, kiem tra xem bai viet cua ban co hien thi tren trang hashtag do khong (dang nhap tu tai khoan khac). Neu khong thay bai viet, co kha nang ban dang bi shadow ban.
Nhu da phan tich trong Gioi han ky tu Twitter, moi nen tang co nhung quy tac an anh huong den do hien thi cua noi dung. Hieu va ton trong cac quy tac nay la chia khoa de toi da hoa do tiep can.
Chien luoc hashtag cho X (Twitter) - It nhung chat
Tren X, hashtag chiem khong gian trong gioi han 280 ky tu cua tweet. Moi hashtag dai 15 ky tu chiem 5% khong gian tweet. Vi vay, chien luoc tren X la su dung it hashtag nhung chon dung.
Nghien cuu cua Socialinsider (2024) cho thay tweet voi 1-2 hashtag co ty le tuong tac cao hon 21% so voi tweet khong co hashtag, nhung tweet voi 5+ hashtag co ty le tuong tac thap hon 17% so voi tweet khong co hashtag. Diem toi uu la 1-3 hashtag.
Mot ky thuat hieu qua tren X la dat hashtag trong van ban thay vi cuoi tweet. Vi du, thay vi "Hom nay toi hoc ve #AI #MachineLearning #DeepLearning", viet "Hom nay toi hoc ve #MachineLearning va thay no thu vi". Cach nay tu nhien hon va hashtag tro thanh phan cua cau chuyen thay vi danh sach tag.
TikTok - Hashtag nhu cong cu kham pha noi dung
TikTok cho phep caption len den 4.000 ky tu (tang tu 300 ky tu ban dau), tao khong gian rong rai cho hashtag. Tuy nhien, thuat toan TikTok phu thuoc nhieu vao noi dung video hon la hashtag.
Tren TikTok, hashtag co 3 vai tro chinh: phan loai noi dung (giup thuat toan hieu video ve gi), tham gia xu huong (hashtag challenge), va tang kha nang tim kiem (SEO trong TikTok). Hashtag #FYP hoac #ForYouPage tung duoc cho la giup video len trang For You, nhung TikTok da xac nhan rang cac hashtag nay khong co tac dung dac biet.
Chien luoc hieu qua tren TikTok la ket hop 1-2 hashtag rong (1 trieu+ bai) voi 2-3 hashtag niche (10.000-500.000 bai). Hashtag rong giup phan loai, hashtag niche giup tiep can doi tuong cu the. Vi du cho video nau an: #cooking (rong) + #30minutemeals (niche) + #weeknightdinner (niche).
LinkedIn - Chuyen nghiep va tiet che
LinkedIn la nen tang noi hashtag can duoc su dung than trong nhat. Qua nhieu hashtag tren LinkedIn tao an tuong thieu chuyen nghiep va co the giam do tin cay cua bai viet.
Nghien cuu cua LinkedIn chinh thuc khuyen nghi 3-5 hashtag moi bai viet. Hashtag tren LinkedIn hoat dong nhu he thong theo doi chu de - nguoi dung co the "follow" mot hashtag de nhan noi dung lien quan trong feed. Vi vay, chon hashtag ma doi tuong muc tieu cua ban dang theo doi quan trong hon chon hashtag pho bien.
Nhu da thao luan trong So ky tu va SEO, viec toi uu hoa noi dung cho tung nen tang doi hoi hieu biet sau ve co che hoat dong cua tung thuat toan. Hashtag chi la mot phan cua chien luoc noi dung tong the.
Do dai hashtag toi uu - Ngan hay dai
Do dai cua ban than hashtag cung anh huong den hieu qua. Hashtag qua ngan (1-3 ky tu) thuong qua chung chung va canh tranh cao. Hashtag qua dai (30+ ky tu) kho nho va it nguoi su dung.
| Do dai hashtag | Vi du | Uu diem | Nhuoc diem |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-5 ky tu | #AI, #food, #art | De nho, nhieu nguoi dung | Canh tranh cuc cao, it cu the |
| 6-15 ky tu | #webdesign, #foodphotography | Can bang giua do pho bien va cu the | Can chon dung tu khoa |
| 16-25 ky tu | #sustainablefashion, #digitalmarketing | Cu the, doi tuong ro rang | Kho go tren mobile |
| 26+ ky tu | #howtomakemoneyonline | Rat cu the | It nguoi su dung, kho nho |
Vung toi uu la 6-20 ky tu. Hashtag trong khoang nay du cu the de tiep can doi tuong muc tieu nhung du ngan de nguoi dung nho va su dung lai. Ket hop 1-2 hashtag ngan pho bien voi 2-3 hashtag trung binh cu the la cong thuc hieu qua cho hau het cac nen tang.
Sach ve chien luoc mang xa hoi va hashtag co the tim tren Amazon.