Thiet ke bien bao ga tau va chu - He thong bien bao truyen dat thong tin trong tich tac
Bien bao huong dan tai ga tau phai doc duoc trong 2-3 giay khi dang di bo. Ga Shinjuku co hon 200 bien bao huong dan, moi ngay dan duong cho 3,5 trieu luot hanh khach. He thong bien bao ga tau la dinh cao cua thiet ke cong cong - truyen dat thong tin trong thoi gian nhin han che.
Huong dan so chu cho bien bao ga tau
| Loai bien bao | So chu khuyen nghi | Khoang cach nhin | Thoi gian doc |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bang ten ga | 2-6 chu (tieng Nhat) | 10-30 m | 1-2 giay |
| Huong dan huong (co mui ten) | 3-8 chu | 5-15 m | 2-3 giay |
| Ban do tuyen | Ten ga x so tuyen | 1-3 m | 10-30 giay |
| Bang gio | Hang tram chu | 1-2 m | 30 giay - vai phut |
| Chu y/Huong dan | 20-50 chu | 1-3 m | 5-10 giay |
| Thong bao khan cap | 10-20 chu | 5-20 m | 1-3 giay |
Bang ten ga ngan nhat va can doc duoc tu xa nhat. "Shinjuku" (2 chu kanji) nhan ra duoc tu 30 m, nhung "Tokyo Disneyland Station" (15 chu) phai den gan moi doc duoc. Nhu da gioi thieu trong xep hang so chu ten ga, do dai ten ga anh huong truc tiep den thiet ke bien bao.
Hien thi da ngon ngu va su phong to so chu
Bien bao ga tau Nhat Ban dang tien toi chuan hien thi 4 ngon ngu: Nhat, Anh, Trung, Han.
| Ten ga | Tieng Nhat | Tieng Anh | Tieng Trung | Tieng Han | Tong so chu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tokyo | 東京 (2) | Tokyo (5) | 东京 (2) | 도쿄 (2) | 11 |
| Shinjuku | 新宿 (2) | Shinjuku (8) | 新宿 (2) | 신주쿠 (3) | 15 |
| Akihabara | 秋葉原 (3) | Akihabara (9) | 秋叶原 (3) | 아키하바라 (5) | 20 |
| Nishi-Nippori | 西日暮里 (4) | Nishi-Nippori (13) | 西日暮里 (4) | 니시닛포리 (5) | 26 |
"Tokyo" 4 ngon ngu tong cong 11 chu, nhung "Nishi-Nippori" len den 26 chu. Ten ga cang dai, khong gian can cho 4 ngon ngu tang vot. Thach thuc cua thiet ke do dai van ban da ngon ngu cang nghiem trong hon trong rang buoc bien bao vat ly.
Moi quan he giua co chu va khoang cach nhin
| Chieu cao chu | Khoang cach nhin khuyen nghi | Cong dung |
|---|---|---|
| 200 mm tro len | 30 m tro len | Bang ten ga (san ga) |
| 100-200 mm | 15-30 m | Huong dan huong (sanh) |
| 50-100 mm | 5-15 m | So cua ra, ten tuyen |
| 20-50 mm | 2-5 m | Chu y, van ban huong dan |
| 10-20 mm | 1-2 m | Bang gio, bang gia ve |
Moi quan he giua chieu cao chu va khoang cach nhin la "1 mm chieu cao chu = khoang 150 mm khoang cach nhin". Chu 200 mm doc duoc tu 30 m. Ty le nay dua tren thi luc con nguoi (thi luc tieu chuan 1.0), duoc su dung chung trong thiet ke bien bao tren toan the gioi.
Su ket hop mau sac va chu
Trong bien bao ga tau, mau sac dong vai tro quan trong trong truyen dat thong tin.
| Tuyen | Mau tuyen | Mau nen va mau chu | Do nhin ro |
|---|---|---|---|
| JR Yamanote | Xanh la vang | Nen xanh la vang + chu trang | Cao |
| Tokyo Metro Marunouchi | Do | Nen do + chu trang | Cao |
| Tokyo Metro Ginza | Cam | Nen cam + chu trang | Trung binh |
| Toei Oedo | Hong sen | Nen hong sen + chu trang | Cao |
Mau tuyen la "thong tin phi van ban" giup nhan biet tuyen ma khong can doc chu. De chieu co su da dang ve nhan thuc mau sac, Tokyo Metro tu nam 2004 da ap dung so hieu tuyen (G01, M01 v.v.). Thiet ke khong chi dua vao mau sac ma con bo sung bang chu va so.
He thong danh so - Cong phu giam chu
Danh so ga la co che giup du khach nuoc ngoai den dung dich du khong doc duoc ten ga.
| Cong ty duong sat | Dinh dang | Vi du | So ky tu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tokyo Metro | Ky hieu tuyen + 2 so | G-01 (Ginza) | 4 ky tu |
| JR East | Ky hieu tuyen + 2 so | JY-17 (Shinjuku) | 5 ky tu |
| Osaka Metro | Ky hieu tuyen + 2 so | M-16 (Namba) | 4 ky tu |
| London Underground | Khong co (chi ten tuyen) | - | - |
| New York Subway | Chi so/chu tuyen | 7 (Flushing) | 1 ky tu |
"G-01" voi 4 ky tu dai hon "Ginza" voi 2 chu kanji, nhung voi nguoi khong biet tieng Nhat, "G-01" thuc dung hon nhieu. Day la thiet ke uu tien "so nguoi doc duoc" hon "do dai" cua chu.
Thiet ke so chu cho bien bao ky thuat so
Nhung nam gan day, bien bao huong dan ga tau dang chuyen sang bien bao ky thuat so.
Uu diem lon nhat cua bien bao ky thuat so la co the chuyen doi noi dung hien thi theo thoi gian va tinh huong. Binh thuong hien thi huong dan 4 ngon ngu, khi co cham tre chuyen sang thong tin van hanh, khi co tham hoa chuyen sang huong dan so tan. Thiet ke thong tin dong ma bien bao co dinh khong the lam duoc.
Tuy nhien, bien bao ky thuat so cung co thach thuc. Moi quan he giua do phan giai man hinh va khoang cach nhin giong nhu bien bao vat ly, luong thong tin hien thi tren mot man hinh co gioi han. Ngoai ra, rui ro mat hien thi khi mat dien co nghia la huong dan quan trong (loi thoat hiem, duong so tan) phai ket hop voi bien bao vat ly.
Giong nhu thiet ke UX thong bao, nguyen tac "truyen dat thong tin quan trong nhat truoc tien trong thoi gian va khong gian han che" khong thay doi du la ky thuat so.
Sach ve thiet ke bien bao va thiet ke cong cong co the tim tren Amazon.